The Different Stages of Gum Disease

Periodontal disease is a type of infection that affects the gums and bones that surround the teeth. The main suspects behind this disease are plaque and oral bacteria. Plaque is a colorless and sticky film that constantly forms on the teeth. If the plaque is not removed via daily brushing or flossing, it builds up and turns to tartar, which is a nest for bacteria. The bacteria will infest the gum tissue causing it to become flabby loosening its grip on the teeth. This makes the teeth lose, and they fall out or are removed by the dentist.

Other significant factors also cause this disease, and smoking is an example of such factors. Others include genetics, diabetes, poor nutrition, hormonal changes, and specific illnesses such as AIDS.

Signs and Symptoms of Periodontal Disease

Below are signs that may show one is suffering from periodontal disease and should consult a dental specialist:

• Red gums which are tender or swollen
• Bleeding of the gums when brushing
• Presence of pus in between the teeth and the gums
• Mouth odor that does not subdue even after brushing
  
  

The Stages of Periodontal Disease

It is important to note that during the early stages, the effects of the disease are reversible. This is because the connective tissues and the bones that hold teeth in place are not yet affected. There are three main stages of periodontal disease discussed below.

Stage 1: Gingivitis

At this stage, the disease is barely noticeable as it is not painful. The color of the gums is pink, and there no visible signs of inflammation or bleeding. If both the bacteria and plaque are not eliminated, the build-up produces toxins that irritate the gums. The bleeding during flossing and brushing begins once the gums are infected. The color of the gums starts to change from the natural pink color to crimson-red, an indication of inflammation.

Stage 2: Mild Periodontitis

As the disease progresses, the teeth and the gums begin drifting further apart, forming deep pockets that promote the growth of bacteria. Aggressive teeth treatment is the only solution at this stage. Treatment will involve antibiotics or root planing. Dental professionals will also recommend adopting an aggressive oral care routine while at home.

Stage 3: Advanced Periodontitis

Anyone who suffers from advanced periodontitis risks losing their teeth at any time. In this stage, teeth will fall out by themselves, and those which don’t have to be extracted to curb the spread of the disease. Dentists in East Windsor, New Jersey, warned that failure to receive the required treatment can lead to complications of the major parts of the body such as the brain, lungs, and heart.